Earth, Stone & Memories:
Historic Cemeteries and What They Tell Us

On the last day of winter - a small group gathers in a farm field - anticipating a day of work.

The reason for the gathering lies a few steps away - a stand of trees overgrown in brambles and weeds and littered with downed limbs from a recent ice storm. A tangle of vegetation so thick only chain saws and manual labor will be able to open it to visitors - and that's why the group is here. Beneath the trees and hidden in the weeds is a nineteenth century burial ground known as the Old Trovillion Cemetery.

Judy Foreman Lee is the great, great, great granddaughter of two people buried here - James Yancy Trovillion and his wife, Elizabeth Ann. The couple and their seven children arrived in Illinois aboard a flatboat that landed in Golconda on the Ohio River in 1837.

These are all our ancestors here. This is the reason we're living and we're losing all of this history and we want to help preserve it. Judy Foreman Lee, Family Historian

Bettie gave birth to more than a dozen children - James served in the Blackhawk and Seminole Indian Wars.

The family burial plot includes their son Jerry who was killed at the Battle of Shiloh during the Civil War - and two daughters - Fredonia and Bettie. The last burial here was in the 1880s. By the 1920s, the family sold the land and moved away. Today a cultivated field surrounds the burial site.

After six hours, the Old Trovillion Cemetery is clean and the headstones placed upright. In the coming months, Judy's family plans to return and mow the site to keep the weeds under control.

Historic burial sites like the Old Trovillion Cemetery exist in every corner of the landscape - each is a garden of information.

They're outdoor exhibits of architecture, anthropology, folklore, geology, botany, art and history. They may be read and studied like a book with chapters on war, politics, religion, tragedy, mystery - and even humor. They're time travelers with
a story to share.

... served his country through the War of 1812 was wounded... Floyd Koehler, Vienna, Illinois Fraternal Cemetery

And for many, the stones answer the ultimate questions about our own identity and our own past.

Early Burials - Simple, Informal, Close to Home

TOP

Pioneer Frederick Beanard and his wife are buried together in the Old Home Cumberland-Presbyterian Church cemetery near Eddyville, Illinois. Their grave markers were cut from local sandstone and their names and death dates punched in to the surface.

Pioneers who came into extreme southern Illinois in the very early part of the nineteenth century were basically self-sufficient. They did everything in terms
of crafts - obviously made their own gravestones. Michael J. McNerney, Archaeologist

Stonecutters quarried millstones nearby and could have provided the unique shape. But the family applied the letters.

So that's where we got upside down backwards letters. Wrong tools. A punch instead of a chisel to put the lettering on. Michael J. McNerney, Archaeologist

The earliest markers includes field or creek stone. Some bear inscriptions, but most like this one near Vienna, Illinois is absent any identifiable feature.

Everyone knew. Even in the community; everyone knew who was buried there.
As time went by we've lost that information. So today we just see those lonesome graves and we can only just - in our mind - think, who is this? Ed Annabel, Johnson County Historian

TOP

Eventually, people would begin to use formalized markers. Ones that might be on the east coast and represent a colonial style. These give way to a little bit of sentimentality, urns and willow trees. Hal Hassen, Archaeologist, Illinois Department of Natural Resources

As the population grew and transportation improved, commercial gravestone arrived in Illinois. These are made of Salem limestone and were quarried in Bedford, Indiana. The letter are now evenly spaced and carved with the proper tools.

Here we probably have a local carver in the 1840s and he's simply doing individual thing. Maybe it was a father with a son. So maybe there's some variation. But these are certainly local carvers. Hal Hassen, Archaeologist, Illinois Department of Natural Resources

You can see his center point here and the lines radiating out that correlate with the indentations for the shoulders.

These give way to the more common marble markers that we see throughout Illinois. And these markers are an out growth of what's happening again on the east coast. These are just flat, marble markers. They may have various motifs. They're very similar to markers used in Roman culture 2000 years ago. Hal Hassen, Archaeologist, Illinois Department of Natural Resources

Local stone stopped being used overnight. Because of its white color and the good stuff's ability to take a polish - I can just see the monument salesmen - I mean it was perfect. And then if you add to that - white is an extremely important Christian color. Michael J. McNerney

A Jewel Set in Wrought Iron - Cairo, Illinois

TOP

In the last half of the nineteenth century, Cairo, Illinois was fulfilling its destiny at the confluence of the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. In 1889, The city directory listed five railroads, nine steamboat lines, three hospitals,five newspapers -
even a board of trade.

If you look at the streets in Cairo - they're wide. Cairo was not intended to be a little town. It was intended to be a city. Louise Ogg, Cario Custom House Museum

A progressive city with an elegant library that featured rooms for poetry readings and lectures supported by those who lived in mansions on the cobble stoned streets of Millionaire's Row. It was a city that defined the American Gilded Age. Cairo's leaders called each other captain and colonel; titles earned in the Civil War. But a man could be called captain if he piloted a riverboat, like William Parker Halliday, who was also known as W.P.

W.P. was the oldest of the five Halliday brothers. The second oldest was Edwin, who served as an officer in the Confederate Army.

During and after the war, the Halliday brothers in Cairo got rich in lumber, coal mining, and banking - and everything else they touched. The Halliday legacy includes W.P.'s mansion, known as Riverlore.

For generations, Cairo buried its dead within the city limits on what was known as cemetery ridge. But floods and seep water persisted and the city decided to move the graves to cemeteries on high ground in Pulaski County.

With Cairo, it was just like New Orleans. You couldn't bury people here. So they could take them by rail up to Mounds and bury them in the Beech Grove Cemetery. And there you had the people with means from Cairo choosing to bury in that cemetery. Elaine Bonifield, President, Beech Grove and Beech Wood Cemetery Association

TOP

You could meet the train at Second and Ohio or you could meet the train at 12th and Washington or something like that, you know. It was just like it was a social event and not a funeral. Louise Ogg, Cairo Custom House Museum

Other burial sites include the Cairo City Cemetery and Calvary Catholic Cemetery in Villa Ridge.

Beech Grove represents Cairo's entry into what's known as the Rural Cemetery Movement. The idea was to move burials away from the living and encourage
the living to visit, even if they didn't know anyone buried there.

It's landscaped. There will be roads. People are invited in. There would be tree plantings. There would be formal entrance ways and it was meant to be more
of a park-like setting. Hal Hassen, Archaeologist, Illinois Department of Natural Resources.

The families bought sections and then added features like an open curb; wrought iron fences and gates.

You would not see fencing in a cemetery today. This is something that was famous back then. It was in use - very popular - and in some ways a status symbol as well. Some fences would be rather simple, but this one is very ornate.
It would have been shipped in probably from Chicago or someplace like that.

By the time Beech Grove Cemetery opened in 1855, marble replaced local stone as the preferred grave stone material.

But until you have railroads in Illinois you don't really see marble coming in. So it's by the mid 1800s that you begin to see marble markers in Illinois. Hal Hassen, Illinois Department of Natural Resources

Polished, pure white marble and Christian symbols appealed to America's growing sentimental views toward death. The dead now slept. Headstone motifs signified everlasting life, like the human hand depictions found in multiple variations, including the hand-grasp. The design suggests one spouse helping the other to heaven as one of any interpretations. The lamb represented the innocence of childhood.

Hundreds of fraternal organizations existed in 19th century America - including the Free Masons whose burials include the Square and the Compass organized around the letter "G". The "G" stands for geometry or god or perhaps both.

This symbol was given to women related to Free Masons. The letters arraigned in a circle stand for a verse found in John 12:15 - Fear Not Daughter of Zion Behold the King Cometh. the letters A-M-R-Y is an anagram for Mary.

The G.A.R. Medal represents the Grand Army of the Republic - an organization of Union Civil War veterans.

Veteran organizations before the G.A.R. were elitist societies that were either officers or descendents of officers. And the G.A.R. came along and it said everybody's equal. If you were a general you could be a member; if you were a private you could be a member. And the motto - one of the mottos was "we drank from the same canteen." P. Michael Jones, General John A. Logan Museum

TOP

The obelisk and column reflect ancient architectural features popular in the 19th century. Cario leaders utilized the design to mark their final resting places at Beech Grove, including Samuel Staats Taylor. He arrived in Cairo in 1851 as a trustee of the Cairo City Property Company. Taylor is credited with negotiating the terms that required the Illinois Central Railroad to construct levees to carry its line into Cairo.

When you look at the fill soil that is around Cairo in our levees, it was hauled in here to make the railroads. And that is why we had levees that early. And he recognized Cairo couldn't grow unless we had a way to control the flooding. Elaine Bonifield, President, Beech Grove and Beech Wood Cemetery Association

The largest monument belongs to the Hallidays – this stone marker weighs an estimated 22 tons and identifies the final resting place for W.P. Halliday. William L. Hambleton owned the Mound City marine ways – a site on the Ohio River where three Ironclad gunboats were built for the navy during the Civil War.

Hambleton’s legacy includes the Civil War Monument at the Mound City National Cemetery. He was appointed to serve on a commission to oversee the design and construction of the monument after the war. It stands 55 feet and features a nine foot Liberty carved from Italian marble on the top. Life size carvings of a Civil War sailor and soldier stand on the north and south. Marble tablets list the names and units of all burials at the national cemetery after the war except for the more than twenty-seven hundred unknowns.

The Mound City National Cemetery served a large military hospital located a
mile away on the Ohio River. After the war, the army transferred the remains of soldiers and sailors buried in post and battlefield graveyards to the national cemetery. More than 100 Civil War burials were removed from Cairo.

Among all the Civil War burials, the last to be laid to rest was Shepherd Lafayette Womack who was 97 when he died in 1945. Shepherd became a celebrity toward the end of his life because he was the last surviving Civil War veteran in southern Illinois. He was 15 when he enlisted and served in the Illinois 29th, receiving wounds at Spanish Fort, Alabama less than a month before the end of the war.

Shepherd's story now belongs to his family.

He enjoyed the 30th of May celebrations and went to every one of them such as this picture, I believe, is at probably out at either Anderson-Bose or at Salem church probably at the 30th of May. Joyce Douglas Siason, Great Granddaughter

Lot of stories I've heard. Just little snippets people would make comments about him. I think I did hear, like what Joyce said, people would hear his stories - and he'd repeat stories I guess. I just wish I could have heard some of them. Larry Douglas, Great Grandson.

TOP

When Shepherd discharged from the army, wooden headstones marked the graves of those buried in national cemeteries, as seen in this image of Arlington National Cemetery.

The first marble slab design was adopted in 1873 and stood 12 inches high. In 1903, the design was increased to 39 inches and 12 inches thick – and became known as the “Civil War Type.” 1903 was the same year the upright headstone was adopted for unknown burials, although six-by-six inch square blocks remain in use.

Markers with pointed tops identify a Confederate prisoner of war burial.
The letters U-S-C-T stand for United States Colored Troops – they’re buried throughout the cemetery.

The earliest markers list the name and unit – today, a veteran’s family may inscribe just about anything. Each year the Mound City National Cemetery Preservation Commission honors veterans by placing a flag at each of the nine thousand graves.

The commission also organizes the Memorial Day Event on the Saturday before Memorial Day.

Seven Mile Graveyard

A map of the Cemetery of the Lotus hangs in the Cairo Public Library. It was drawn in the early 1850s and shows an ambitious plan to provide burial sites on high ground north of the city – but few people seemed interested. By 1903 the Cairo Cemetery Association dissolved and the property was sold, even though
the site contained a cemetery as indicated on a plat map from the 1870s.

I have read the old newspapers on microfilm for a long time and every time I'd run into an article about it I'd take it out and put it in my files. The older people said that in the 1878 Yellow Fever epidemic, a lot of people were buried there without markers or tombstones or anything else. Louise Ogg, Cairo Custom House Museum

By 1938, an aerial photograph confirms what eyewitnesses report – a heavily overgrown cemetery. By the 1960s, an aerial photograph indicates significant change to the landscape. What happened to the site and those buried there is unclear. The site is also known as the Seven Mile Graveyard.

A Glass Memorial

This marble cross honors the Reverend Marmaduke Robert St. James Dillon-Lee, a beloved rector who died after only two years of service to the Church of the Redeemer in Cairo. when a new church was built on the corner of Washington and Sixth Streets in the 1890s, the congregation honored the Reverend's memory by creating his image in the sanctuary's stained glass windows.

In the Year Twenty-Hundred

TOP

Ed B. Gore was an Homestead, Illinois shopkeeper with a reputation as a practical joker. But a conversation he had one day with a small boy in a cemetery was anything but a joke.

I lived across the road here. And he came out here the cemetery with a real pretty horse - single horse - in a buggy and had a suit on and a tall Abraham Lincoln hat. I was nine years old so I walked down here.

And they're down here working with cement mixers. So I asked him what's going on and he tells me they're going to build him a monument and they're going to put him in the bottom of the monument in a copper coffin - he's going to die in a couple of months.

That frightened me considerably being nine years old and I don't really understand what death is and here was alive talking about that. This was in 1933 and he said in the year twenty-hundred why then could then open that up - look through the glass thing and see him. George Britt

The Gore Monument is nearly 60 feet of reinforced concrete with footings that extend eighteen feet into the ground.

Like I say, I was so frightened when he was talking about he was going to die in a couple of months - next time I was down here doing work I didn't come back. George Britt

Gore’s body rests in a copper tub filled with formaldehyde. But a local legend
that Gore’s monument held other objects of value isn’t true according to Leonard Castleman – whose father, grandfather and uncle built the monument.

My uncle was the last one out of the monument. Told he - he says - there's nothing in there. He says there's a couple pieces of scrap lumber - but other than that - besides the body and the vessel - that's the only thing that's in there. Leonard Castleman

TOP

In about 2001 another relative Gore pass away. And I brought that to their attention. And they said there was nothing in his will or anything in the world to tell people to open it in the year twenty-hundred. George Britt

Today the E.B. Gore Monument is a popular stop for visitors to the region.

Bell Monument Works

The Bell Monument Works of Cairo, Illinois represents an earlier era of monument making. Monuments are made the old fashioned way – using rubber stencils, designed by hand and carefully cut to expose the stone surface - which
is then sand blasted to achieve the desired effect.

Other monument makers create designs using laser technology, an expensive process – one that removes what Bell considers the human touch.

There is an art form there that cannot be matched or met by a computer - by the computer operators - this is all hand done. You can actually gaze and see what you're doing - you can modify it. Your computer, for instance, your operator on that is only as good as the person doing the operations or the software with which someone has to work with.

I've had people tell me recently we're community orientated. We've had quite a few offers to move further north in the state or even outside the state to other communities. We're Cairo friendly. George Bell, Memorialist

George’s grandfather opened Bell Monument Works in 1913. By then, granite replaced marble as the preferred monument stone. Granite markers of the early 20th century began to shed the sentimental motifs and return to simpler designs.

The Execution of Harrison Burklow

He had shot and killed a man in the summer of 1877. Soon after, Harrison Burklow was convicted and sentenced to death for the crime. Back then; the county carried out executions and it appeared Burklow would be hanged in Vienna – a few steps from the county jail where he was being held. But at some point after his sentence, the citizens of Johnson County started to have second thoughts. Burklow’s fate led to the State Supreme Court and a petition to commute the sentence – but the court refused and Burklow was executed. In the Chapman Cemetery near Goreville, a fieldstone bears the name of Harrison Burklow, 46 – the only person ever legally hanged in Johnson County

The Stanley-Arnett Feud

The Bridges Cemetery near Vienna, Illinois, tells the story of a violent past in the part of Johnson County known as Hell's Neck. Burb Stanley is buried here and just a few steps away lies the grave of the man he killed, James H. Arnett. Stanley and Arnett lived in Hell’s Neck – which was identified on a drainage district map in 1905 as a feature on the landscape.

People would quickly pull a gun on one another and shoot another individual over very minor disputes. It was just a way of life out there in Hell's Neck.

The families were divided leading up the Civil War. I think some of that division still existed after the Civil War. Two-thirds of the eligible male population of Johnson County served in the Civil War. That was a very difficult experience for these men. Gary Hacker, Johnson County Historian

I think a lot of those folks that had come back from the Civil War had seen an awful lot of rough living and violence, so forth. You know, until that generation was gone I think those people, they were just rough in the way they handled things. Max Hutchinson, Johnson County Storyteller.

James H. Arnett stood trial for several killings, but was never convicted.

The Arnetts and the Stanleys were involved in a number of incidents. But they
had not shot one another. The Arnetts had shot other people but they had threatened the Stanleys. And Mr. Burb Stanely was the one individual - and he lived on the road through Hell's Neck that the Arnetts traversed all the time.
Gary Hacker, Johnson County Historian

The year is 1891 and the two seem to be reaching a point of no return …

Mr. Burb Stanely, after a period of time, had finally had enough of the threats
and he took matters into his own hand. One day as Mr. Arnett was traveling through Hell's Neck he was shot and killed. Gary Hacker, Johnson County Historian

BANG

Burb stood trial for the murder of James H. Arnett and was found guilty but insane. The judge sentenced him to the insane asylum where he stayed just a short while before being released.

It may have been only a matter of weeks that he was there until he was released as no longer being insane. Generally, throughout the county, people view Mr. Stanley as an individual who had done a community service by ridding the community of Mr. Arnett. Gary Hacker, Johnson County Historian

Ranney Hill Cemetery

For generations, the African-American community surrounding New Grand Chain in Pulaski County, Illinois used this site as a burial ground.

There's a whole family history here on this hill. Olen Butler

The historic section includes headstones with birth dates that precede the Civil War.

...1896, age 86 years old so we found a slave cemetery...

When you go to the cemetery you can see there before anyone got involved in preserving it - the stones are really deteriorating bad. Some are basically buried. Can't even find a person if you went to look for them so it's very important that we do this. Deborah Davis, Family Historian

There was never an official record kept. Each person that did the burial they kept a record and when they died out the record died out. As of this year, we have a record of anyone being buried in this cemetery. They can go to the Mounds courthouse...Willie Hargnet, Ranney Hill Cemetery Association

We owe a duty to our children to let them know the older ones that's leaving us not to forget. Never forget. Willie Hargnet, Ranney Hill Cemetery Association

TOP

My grandfather Peter Anderson who donated the land for the Church of God and Christ, which was started here in 1910. The first pastor of that church was an uncle - a great uncle, actually - his name was Mark Clay - he was a dynamic preacher, a dynamic man. So he really impacted just the southern Illinois area so that's an ancestor I have to say I am really proud of. Deborah Davis, Family Historian

The cemetery continues to serve the people of this region – and work is underway to renew the site for the future.

A project that we're working on is to do a memorial wall and we're going to use the frontage and spell out the name of the cemetery and list ...

New burial sites will be established behind the historic section. The cemetery association plans to contact the decedents of those buried here for support to develop a perpetual care fund.

The Henderson Cemetery near Ullin serves the African-American community.

Eighteen-sixty-nine is the first marked burial. There may be earlier graves here that predate that first marked burial. It's an old cemetery for an African-American cemetery in southern Illinois. Darrel Dexter, Educator and Historian

Several Civil War veterans are buried here – including Sergeant Jerry Sutton of Company E of the 55th United States Colored Infantry. Research indicates he’s the great-great-great grandfather of First Lady Michelle Obama.

He married Mary Motten in - I believe - it was 1889 in Pulaski County. Mary Motten was Michelle Obama's great-great-great grandmother. There are six marked graves in the cemetery for soldiers who served in the Union army during the Civil War as U.S. colored troops. There may be others. As you look around the cemetery, the markers, themselves, especially in the old section, they're sparse - few and far between - and one can only assume that for each marked grave there are probably a dozen unmarked graves because this is a huge cemetery. Darrel Dexter, Educator and Historian

The Cemetery Enumerator - Carol Crisp

More than two hours ago, Carol Crisp began her search for this lonely burial.

It's pointing the right way. And it's fenced off. This is it. Carol Crisp

It's that of an infant who died in the late 1940s.

Oh yes, I remember when the baby was buried, yes. Joel Hill

Was it a little girl? Carol Crisp

I believe it was a girl, yeah. I was pretty small back then, you know. Joel Hill

Carol records the site for a book of cemetery enumerations.

I had finished walking the River-To-River Trail, which goes from the Ohio River to the Mississippi River - it is about 167 miles long. And I had a GPS. And I wondered what else I was going to do with my GPS. And one day I found a cemetery and I said "wow" this is cool. So I put it in my GPS and I thought if was any more cemeteries in Pope County. So I started looking for them, gathering
old maps, talking to people. That was about six winters ago and I have about 278 cemeteries now. Carol Crisp

It was called the Ross property...

It can be frustrating work as observed one more in search for a cemetery.

We looked all over back here. There's tons of cedar trees, which are good indicators. But there's no other indicators and couldn't find any depressions or field stones that would mark two graves.

So we're going to have to start making phone calls; find somebody that knows.Very rarely do I give up. I did have to give up on one I went to go look for 13 times.

In the early twentieth century, families occupied homesteads on every 40 acres in many parts of what is now the Shawnee National Forest. Those families left behind burials.

TOP

And a lot of times these little cemeteries was lost to the public because they were not carried forward on subsequent deeds. So when we go back and we look - and Carol comes up with a name - we generally can find that somewhere in the chain of title was this family. Connie Gibbs, Clerk, Pope County, Illinois

I've had people cry because I've found someone they could never find back in these abandoned cemeteries. It just gives people puzzle pieces. It's a treasure hunt for me and I get to be outside. And it passes on the help to someone else because it helps them with their research. And there's some about doing your genealogy that gives you a basis of who you are. It just makes you feel like you belong. Carol Crisp

There are many who've taken the time and effort to record cemeteries and write down the names found on the headstones. Back in the 1970s, Elaine Bonifield and Louise Ogg organized a similar project in Alexander County.

But we had excellent input and sometimes in cleaning a cemetery in cleaning it
off and removing all the logs and debris in the cemetery, we found graves that were not visible to us when I recorded it or when Louise recorded it. Elaine Bonfield, Beech Wood and Beech Grove Cemetery Association

Because there were cemeteries back in the hills nobody knew anything about and they were cleaned and as far as I know most of those cemeteries have been kept clean since then. Louise Ogg, Custom House Museum

But when you read those stones and put together the brief history then you find a lot of information that otherwise is lost unless somebody writes it down. Elaine Bonifield, Beech Wood and Beech Grove Cemetery Association

If you don't do something to save that history it will be lost. My children, their children, we'll be like me. They'll wait until they get older until their interested
and then they'll be no record there so somebody's got to do something to make sure there's something for them to go find. Deborah Davis, Ranney Hill Cemetery Association

It's like reading a book. You find so much information in cemeteries. It just tells the story of lives of individuals; lives of individuals in the community and lives of individuals in southern Illinois. Gary Hacker, Johnson County Historian

It's a different and special place. It's silent. It talks to you about the lives of the people that are there and all they've gone through in their lifetime. Without any dialog - but just looking. Michael J. McNerney, Archaeologist

I know we've got the death records in the courthouse but still just to see exactly where folks lived and were buried - usually close - to where they lived is really interesting. Max Hutchinson, Johnson County Storyteller

I would say there's a calm and a quiet about cemeteries that is almost palpable. I feel that way at Holliday Cemetery and when I used to be out at more cemeteries. It is - most definitely a calm, peaceful place. P. Michael Jones, General John A. Logan Museum

TOP

And if we don't save the cemeteries why do we save Lincoln's Home? They're no different. What we learn from Lincoln's Home and what it instills upon us when we visit Lincoln's Home is very similar to what we learn from a cemetery. We're learning about the past. Hal Hassen, Archaeologist, Illinois Department of Natural Resources

It's not morbid and nobody's going to haunt you. I have a feeling they're kind of glad somebody actually remembers them. Louise Ogg, Cairo Custom House Museum

CREDITS

Produced by the Southernmost Illinois Delta Empowerment Zone

SPECIAL THANKS

Beech Grove and Beech Wood Cemetery Association
Elaine Bonifield
Martha McMunn

Cairo Public Library
Monica L. Smith

Cairo Custom House Museum
Louise P. Ogg

Johnson County Genealogical & Historical Society
Ed Annable
Gary Hacker
Max Hutchinson

Mound City National Cemetery Preservation Commission, Inc.
Clay Bierbaum
Morissa Clanahan

Bell Monuments
George Bell

General John A. Logan Museum
P. Michael Jones

Michael J. McNerney

Illinois Department of Natural Resources
Hal Hassen, Archaeologist

Illinois Historic Preservation Agency
Dawn Cobb

Illinois State Geological Survey
Dee Lund

Illinois State Archive
John Rhinehart

Village of Olmsted, Illinois
Monica Edwards, Village Clerk

Connie Gibbs
Pope County, Illinois Clerk

John Scholeman Farm
Eddie Allcock

INTERVIEWS

Ed Annabel
Elaine Bonifield
George Britt
Leonard Castleman
Carol Crisp
Deborah Davis
Darrel Dexter
Larry Douglas
Gary Hacker
Willie Hargnet
Joel Hill
Max Hutchinson
P. Michael Jones
Floyd Koehler
Judy Foreman Lee
Martha McMunn
Michael J. McNerney
Louise P. Ogg
Herbert K. Russell
Joyce Douglas Siason
Joy Upton
Stephanie J. Fisher

FEATURED CEMETERIES

Beech Grove
Bridges
Cairo City
Chapman
Concord
Hazelwood
Holliday
Mound City National Cemetery
Mount Calvary
Oak Hill, Lewiston, Illinois
Ranney Hill
Vienna Fraternal
West Eden

PHOTOGRAPHS/IMAGES

Cairo Public Library
Cairo Custom House Museum
David Rumsey Historical Map Collection
Illinois State Archive
Illinois State Geological Survey
Johnson County Genealogical and Historical Society
Max Hutchinson
Richard Kuenneke
Michael J. McNerney
Mound City National Cemetery Preservation Commission, Inc.
Joyce Douglas Siason
Village of Olmsted, Illinois

STANLEY-ARNETT FEUD

Burb Stanley - Tony Gerard
James H. Arnett - Mark Denzer

NARRATOR
Rick Williams

VIDEOGRAPHY
Richard Kuenneke
Kelin Field

FIELD AUDIO
Richard Kuenneke
Brent Smith
Adam Haney
Dawn Cobb

STUDIO AUDIO
Misunderstudio
Murphysboro, Illinois

STORY INSPIRATION
The Hell's Neck Feud and Related Stories
by Gary Hacker

STORY INSPIRATION
The Execution of Harrison Burklow
by Ed Annable

EDITING AND VIDEO PRODUCTION SERVICES
Oakview Road Media
Carbondale, Illinois

WRITTEN & DIRECTED BY
Richard Kuenneke

www.southernmostillinoishistory.com

Copyright 2010 Southernmost Illinois Delta Empowerment Zone (SIDEZ)
330 Enterprise Lane, Suite 110, Mounds, Illinois 62964
618.745.6307 | f 618.745.6360 | www.sidez.org
All Rights Reserved